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Xiling Gorge Scenic Area is located in the western suburbs of Yichang City, 4 kilometers away from the city center, 20 kilometers away from Three Gorges International Airport, and 5 kilometers away from Yichang Railway Station.The scenic area starts from Gezhouba in the east and ends at the Three Gorges Dam in the west, with a total area of 142 square kilometers. It is known as the "gateway to the Three Gorges and the throat of Sichuan and Hubei". It is one of the first national key scenic spots in China, a national AAAA level tourist attraction, and one of the "Top Ten Scenic Spots in China".
The Xiling Gorge Scenic Area has a long history and civilization, and is one of the birthplaces of Chu culture. Archaeological excavations have proven that humans have been thriving here for as long as 800000 years.
In the 20th century, due to wars and lack of protection, many historical relics and landscapes in the Xiakou area were destroyed. After liberation, the party and government of Yichang city began to attach importance to protecting and developing the tourism resources of Xiakou Scenic Area. After the construction of the Gezhouba Water Conservancy Hub Project, the local government invested in the construction of scenic spots such as Sanyou Cave, Baima Cave, Longquan Cave, Taohua Village, and Leizu Temple, and opened up natural tourist routes such as Xialao Creek and Xianren Creek.
Xiakou Scenic Area is located in the eastern subtropical region, north of the Tropic of Cancer, and its climate classification belongs to the subtropical humid climate of the Central China Monsoon Region. Abundant heat resources and good water conditions, due to the influence of terrain and topography, have formed climate characteristics of early spring, summer temperature, late autumn, warm winter, autumn temperature higher than spring temperature, spring rain more than autumn rain, concentrated summer rainfall, and rain and heat in the same season. The lowest monthly average temperature is -0.1 ℃~5 ℃, the highest is 21.5 ℃~28.4 ℃, the average annual temperature is higher than 16.8 ℃, the average annual precipitation is 1213.6 millimeters, the average annual relative humidity is 77%, the dominant wind direction is southeast wind, and the wind is mainly calm throughout the year. The average monthly wind speed for many years is 0.8 to 1.2 meters per second, and the calm wind frequency is 31.14%.
The geological structure of the scenic area belongs to the eastern end of the Huangling anticline, and the mountain terrain, hydrology, mountain ranges, rock strata, and water flow in the entire area all undergo an elliptical transformation centered on the Huangling anticline. The Yanshan orogeny in the northwest region led to the formation of land, with a significant uplift. The southeast region is located on the western edge of the Yichang monocline depression in the Jianghan Plain subsidence zone. Therefore, the terrain in this area is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, showing a descending trend from northwest to southeast. The dip angle of the rock strata is relatively gentle in the east wing, about 7-14 degrees, and steep in the west wing, about 12-15 degrees.
Due to the undulating terrain, this area has formed four types of geomorphic units with significant differences in elevation, namely the Xilingxia River Valley area, the low mountainous area of 500-800 meters, the low to medium mountainous area of 800-1200 meters, and the medium mountainous area of 1200-2000 meters (geomorphic units above 800 meters are mostly distributed around the scenic area).
The distribution of rock layers in the northwest is ancient and the types of rocks are complex; The eastern and western strata are relatively new, and the types of rock formations are relatively simple. Granite, sandstone, limestone, conglomerate, and purple red sandstone are distributed along the Yangtze River. Among them, carbonate rocks are the most widely distributed.
Leizu Temple
The predecessor of Leizu Temple, Xilingshan Temple, was built in the Ming Dynasty. There are 108 steps of bluestone strips in front of the temple, and a mountain gate at 70 steps. After climbing 38 steps up the mountain gate, you will enter the temple gate. The gate is inscribed with three large red lacquer characters: "Xiling Mountain". The first main hall of the mountain temple is the Lingxiao Treasure Hall, which enshrines the statues of Xuanyuan Huangdi and Leizu Niangniang. The mountain temple holds three grand events every year: the ninth day of the first lunar month to commemorate the birth of Emperor Xuanyuan, the fifteenth day of the third lunar month to commemorate the birth of Empress Leizu, and the "Vision Meeting".
Taohua Village
Taohua Village, formerly known as Taoshuping, is located on the north bank of Xiling Gorge in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in Nanjinguan, Yichang City. Covering an area of over 80 acres, it is adjacent to the Yangtze River to the south, Baima Cave to the west, and the Yangtze River Cableway to the east. From a distance, one can see Gezhouba and Sanyou Cave. Because the local area has been famous for peach blossoms since ancient times, it has the beautiful name of Peach Blossom Village.
White Horse Cave
Baima Cave is located in Nanjinguan, northwest of Yichang, at the mouth of Xiling Gorge in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River. It faces the rushing Yangtze River, is adjacent to the renowned Gezhouba Water Conservancy Hub on the left, and leans on the beautiful Xialao River on the right, facing the world-famous scenic spot of Sanyou Cave across the river. According to legend, the White Horse Cave was named after the four disciples of Tang Monk and the White Dragon Horse who passed through this place to retrieve scriptures from the west. The White Dragon Horse once resided in this cave. The White Horse Cave Scenic Area is made of 13 huge White Marble, weighing 98 tons, 6.68 meters high and 8.8 meters long. The white horse stone sculpture stands in the middle of the archway, like a horse whining, or a dragon horse lying back.
Xialaoxi
The Xialao River originates from Niupingya in Yichang County and flows from north to south through Baimuping, Baimaling, Qinjiamiao, and Jiangjiamiao before entering the Yangtze River in Nanjin, with a total length of 26.7 kilometers. According to legend, in ancient times, the father of the flood control hero Dayu, Gun, locked a wicked dragon at the bottom of the Xialao River to punish it, hence the name of the river.
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